Essay on A Critique of Bergers Uncertainty Reduction Theory

A Critique of Bergers Uncertainty Reduction Theory How do people get to know each other? Bugs Bunny likes to open up every conversation with the question, Whats up Doc? Why does he do this? Is Bugs Bunny uncertain? Lets explore this idea of uncertainty. Shifting focus now to college students. As many other college students at Ohio University, I am put into situations that make me uncertain of my surroundings almost every time I go to a class for the first time, a group meeting, or social event on the weekend. Bergers Uncertainty Reduction Theory tackles the concept of how people meet other people. In order to explain the relationship between uncertainty and the seven key variables that Berger identifies in this area of†¦show more content†¦Do we shake hands? Should I pay for the meal? Referring to the cognition that takes place, the focus is aimed at figuring out what makes the other person unique. In both areas, an individual tries to go from uncertainty to a more comfortable place. The Prediction One thing that Berger is very clear about in his theory is the matter-of-factness of his theorems. Berger makes no attempt to be humble with his postulations. All the theorems take the form of If..., then... statements. This no holds barred approach to prediction seems to be the weakness of Bergers Uncertainty Reduction Theory. It seems that probability and/or tendency dont come into play, instead Berger tends to deal with absolute certainty. If he were to talk in possibilities, then critics wouldnt question Berger. This idea of preciseness leads Uncertainty Reduction into problems on a few theorems, especially 17 which states, The more you like a person, the less youll seek out information about them (Griffin 160). Since the theorems are based on the seven axioms, then it must mean that there is a problem with those axioms. With respect to prediction Berger seems to expect to be correct, rather than actually being right. Relative Simplicity Berger believes that our main purpose in talking to people is to make sense out of our interpersonal world (Griffin 153). This statement seems to me to be the foundation through which everything Berger bases hisShow MoreRelatedThe Communication Theory Of Uncertainty Reduction Theory3089 Words   |  13 Pagespeople will come with dealing with uncertainty jitters. This research looks at the different critiques by communication scholars on the communication theory of Uncertainty Reduction Theory. Uncertainty Reduction Theory is a communication theory that came about through the research of Charles Berger from the post-positivist tradition. Charles Berger through Uncertainty Reduction Theory proposes that the beginnings of personal relationships are filled with uncertainties. Berger suggests that anticipationRead MoreSummary Communication Theory13076 Words   |  53 PagesIntroduction to Communication Theory: Course Summary Chapter 1: Launching your study What is a theory? What distinguishes a good theory from a bad theory? A theory is a set of systematic informed hunches about the way things work. A good theory goes beyond accepted wisdom and offers explanations and speculations about phenomena. Additionally, a good theory consists of a system of concepts which means that the theorist were able to make connections among his ideas. A theory tends to shape our perceptionRead MoreSummary Communication Theory13084 Words   |  53 PagesIntroduction to Communication Theory: Course Summary Chapter 1: Launching your study What is a theory? What distinguishes a good theory from a bad theory? A theory is a set of systematic informed hunches about the way things work. A good theory goes beyond accepted wisdom and offers explanations and speculations about phenomena. Additionally, a good theory consists of a system of concepts which means that the theorist were able to make connections among his ideas. A theory tends to shape our perceptionRead MoreRelational Dialectics Theory Essay2542 Words   |  11 PagesComparing relationships to unicycles seems strange or unlikely, however the constant strive for balance against opposing forces is a perfect description for relational dialectics theory (Griffin, 2009). Barbara Montgomery, an interpersonal communication scholar, describes riding a unicycle as a task of contradicting forces, constantly pulling against each other in a tug-of-war motion. The best way to control the wheel is by the constant changes in movement, adapting one way or the other, to maintain

Substance Use Disorder Case Study - 1124 Words

Substance Use Disorder – Case Study #2 Introduction The case study Intervention: Dallas is about a girl named Dallas who has been addicted to drugs, such as heroin, for five years and how her family seeks help to make an intervention on Dallas. In the case study it is explained what factors that have been a part of Dallas’ drug-use, especially how Lisa, the mother, influences Dallas and Dallas’ addiction. What I Learned Watching this case study made me realize how much a person’s addiction influences the people that are related to the addicted person. Another important part I learned was how bad role modeling can impact another person, which can have consequences for that person. Lisa had a bad influence on Dallas, accepting Dallas’ drug-use and helping Dallas do drugs. Dallas was also a bad role model for her younger sister, Leah, who saw Dallas as â€Å"the coolest person ever†. The most important part I learned about this case study was how hard it can be to intervene with another person’s life. Especially when it is someone who is loved and cared about, it is hard to realize what is needed to intervene in that person’s life. Lisa was the worst at intervening because Lisa had to realize that she was a big part of the issue, which also made me realize that a substance use can be due to other people’s influence. Relationship Between Course Content and the Case Study Using the multipath model to describe Dallas’ addiction shows numerous factors correlating to the issue.Show MoreRelatedMisorder And Substance Abuse Disorders1002 Words   |  5 PagesSubstance abuse in people with co-occurring severe psychiatric disorders and substance abuse disorder contributes to worse prognosis. As well as more relapses and rehospitalizations, housing instability, impaired social functioning, homelessness. This includes legal problems as well. The advancement of combined treatment models that target both disorders at the same time by the same clinicians are ideal. Individuals with co-occurring mental illness, especially schizophrenia, and substance abuse problemsRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder and Substance Abuse Essay1650 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will examine the results of four studies: One is a prospective follow-up study, one is a prospective naturalistic study, one is a case cont rol study and the last one is a randomized clinical trial. They are on borderline personality disorder and substance abuse articles by Walter et al. (2009), Zanarini et al. (2010), Gratz Tull, (2010), and by Linehan, Schmidt III, Dimeff, Craft, Kanter Comtois, (1999) respectively. The hypotheses, methods and results will be summarized. The futureRead MoreThe Growing Percentage Of Males And Females With Substance Use Disorder1656 Words   |  7 PagesSuffering with Substance Use Disorder Jerrelda Drummer Sanders SOWK 751 Dr. D. Freeman December 4, Fall Semester 2015 Southern University at New Orleans Males and Females Suffering with Substance Use Disorder 2. About 24 million Americans over age 12 (or 9% of the population) have used an illegal drug (mostly marijuana) or abused a medication in the past month, (APA 2013). A drug is (1) any substance that affects theRead MoreThe Effects Of Reinforcement On Treating Disorders And Substance Use1218 Words   |  5 PagesThe use of reinforcement has been shown in multiple studies in treating disorders such as anxiety and substance use. It is most commonly used during behavioral cognitive therapy to change people s way of thinking and actions. The outcomes of reinforcement in these treatments have shown an overall positive effect with the disorder being shown at a lesser degree or disappearing completely. Reinforcement is described as the process by which a stimulus increases the probability that a preceding behaviorRead MoreThe Role Of Antisocial And Borderline Personality Disorder928 Words   |  4 Pagesantisocial/borderline personality disorder co-morbidity, substance dependence and severe childhood conduct disorder by Howard ET all it examines the relationship with ANTI SOICAL PERSONLITY DISORDER and criminally reoffending g after being released. The study the article talks about aims to test the relationship between ANTI SOICAL PERSONLITY DISORDER and its common co morbid disorders such as substance abuse borderline personality disorder and their chance to offend and reoffend. The study follows 53 men whoRead MoreSubstance Abuse During The 20th Century1422 Words   |  6 Pages Substance Abuse in Women Description of the Group Towards the end of the 20th century, most of the studies focusing on substance abuse focused on the needs of men. This means that the percentage of women affected by substance abuse remained unknown for several decades. In the recent past, studies have been done to analyze the psychological, health, and economic challenges affecting women who abuse different substances (National Institute of Drug Abuse, 2015). This marginalized groupRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Bipolar Disorder1301 Words   |  6 Pages Separately, substance abuse and bipolar disorder are two very serious conditions, and both have been proven to be caused in part by heredity. Shockingly, co-occurrence of both disorders in a single person is a very common combination, and it can be very dangerous. People who have both bipolar disorder and an addiction are understood to have a â€Å"dual-diagnosis† or â€Å"genetic overlap†. Often, each condition can worsen the symptoms of the other; having both probl ems increases the risk of mood swingsRead MoreParanoid Personality Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: Co-Occurring1709 Words   |  7 PagesParanoid Personality Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: Co-occurring Personality disorders affect 10-15% of the adult US population. A personality disorder is a very rigid pattern of inner experience and outward behavior. According to SAMHSA over 8.9 million persons have co-occurring disorders; that is that they have both mental and substance use disorders. Only 7.4% receive treatment and 55.8% receive no treatment at all. The National Survey on Drug use and Health states that there were 45Read MoreBipolar Disorder, By Stephen Fry1327 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar Disorder This case study is about Stephen Fry, who suffers from bipolar disorder. Fry wanted to tell the world about bipolar disorder, how it affects the people who has to live with it and the people around them, and how it feels for him dealing with bipolar disorder. What I Learned Watching this case study taught me how people try to deal with having bipolar disorders and how it works or does not work. For me, it was shocking how much it takes for someone to be diagnosed with bipolarRead MoreThe Case Of Marci A 22 Year Old Female College Student1477 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study Marci Key Issues A. The case of Marci a 22-year-old female college student has several significant psychological, biological, social, and spiritual issues. The most significant issue being Alcohol Use Disorder of which Marci meets four criteria in the DSM-5. Although Marci drinks four or more alcoholic beverages three to four times a week, and binges on weekends she is in the pre-contemplation stage of change. The case study does not mention the length of her alcohol use, although her

Sentencing Free Essays

Thinking about the issue of punishment gives rise to a number of questions, the most fundamental of which is, why should offenders be punished? And what are the objectives for the punishment. Some of the objectives are deterrence, retribution, restitution, rehabilitation, and the reason for such punishment. Deterrence is most effective at stopping crime that is planned or premeditated. We will write a custom essay sample on Sentencing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sometimes the goal is to deter the individual from repeating the behavior; other times it is to deter others from engaging in a similar behavior. An â€Å"eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth† punishment applied with the belief that offenders should suffer similarly to their victims this is the retribution punishment. Restitution is applied with the belief that offenders should repay their victim’s loss in money or services. The offenders should pay back to the victim for crimes that he has made to change a person life. He has to see that he cannot get away with committing crimes. Rehabilitation is used more frequently with juveniles; it is applied with the hopes of helping the person resolve his disorder or disease that may contribute to crime. The punishment is their so that the person can choose more of a better life in which he decides to live, or he may choose a better path. The concept of punishment has been theorized by moral philosophers, social theorists, and criminologists, When a court imposes a punishment on an offender, it often tries to balance the sorts of reasons for punishment noted earlier, but sometimes certain purposes of punishment dominate other purposes The third perspective on punishment is offered by criminologists and policy makers, who focus on penalties for offenses and policy concerns relevant to the punishment of offenders. There are differences in the state and federal punishments laws of punishment such as with the federal laws the penalties and range from long or short prison sentences in federal prison to include fines. Federal laws are enforced by the United States Government Agencies and also passed by the United States Government Agencies. There are criminal laws involved, usually dealing with crimes against the government and laws that just provide fines. State laws are those that are passed and enforced by the state. They cannot contradict the Federal laws and apply only to the specific state. The state enforcement agencies also have a duty to insure that Federal laws are not being broken. Most criminal laws are state created and penalties include fines and short or long prison sentences. Probation is a sentence with certain conditions that must be followed. If any of the conditions, such as no drug use, are violated, your probation officer will notify the court or prosecutor. The size and cost of America’s prison system has skyrocketed during the last few decades, largely as a result of laws and policies that put more offenders behind bars and keep them there longer. Yet recidivism rates remain stubbornly high, and crime still is a major public concern. State policy makers across the nation are asking whether soaring prison budgets are the best path to public safety. The federal prison population has reached record levels, that a high proportion of prisoners are non-violent drug offenders, and that racial disparities in sentencing and the proportion of lower-level drug offenders are increasing. Sentencing disparities is sentencing offenders in which those committing the same crime receive different sentences. Sentencing disparities are usually based on race, gender, region, or socioeconomic status and there are some grapple with this problem that must be solve. Many of the studies concluded that race had a direct effect on the in-out decision (in other words, the decision concerning whether the offender should be punished in a penal institution or out in the community) and that this effect remained even after the inclusion of controls for prior record and crime seriousness. Benefits of sentence-reduction programs, such as good-time laws and early parole release, include promotion of discipline within prisons (because inmates are motivated to engage in good behavior in order to earn or avoid losing good time) and the reduction of prison overcrowding. It is said that most offenders are released from prison before serving their full sentences and that indeterminate sentences produce gross sentencing disparities because they allow judges too much discretion. How to cite Sentencing, Papers

How does Marquez’s use of labels reflect the cultural beliefs about women in society Essay Example For Students

How does Marquez’s use of labels reflect the cultural beliefs about women in society? Essay The Colombian society in Marquez’s ‘Chronicle of a Death Foretold’ is a predominant character throughout the story; it is the alpha in the novel as it calls all the shots for the people who live in the town. The most distinctive role of society is that of creating labels. Labels are created through memories and actions that the society thinks ‘defines’ an individual. The tags are used interchangeably with names, which is how an individual is remembered. The smallness of the town ensures that no memory of a person is ever forgotten but only tainted further. Labels are dissected according to the society’s cultural beliefs. Labels reflect the gender expectations imposed by society as demonstrated by Angela Vicario and Bayardo San Roman. Labels mirror the status and role of women in society like that of the cook, the prostitute and the nuns. They also make us question who the ‘victim’ is. Society is constructed out of a narrow-minded group of ‘traditional’ thinkers who take upon themselves the right to set the parameters of social behaviour, beliefs and norms. The labels that they create only aid in dividing the people further down into categories. Certain ‘cults’ for example the ‘cult of virginity, machismo and honour’ are predominant beliefs that help draw the line within which a certain group must act. The cults of machismo and virginity presuppose that women must abide by the conduct a man sees as fit, be as pure as a virgin offering herself for sacrifice on the night of her marriage to a man who thinks himself superior in all forms. The men are of ‘tough’ calibre, the ‘protectors’ and ‘saviours’ like the Vicario brothers who ‘restored’ their sisters â€Å"honour†. It is the irony of the fate of women that they are labelled as commodities: virgins and whores; low clas s and high class; fresh and stale. The most prominent divide in society is that of the genders. Angela Vicario is one such â€Å"beautiful† entity that was ‘returned’ by Bayardo because she breaks out of the social norms by losing her virginity and her ‘honour’ (prevailing conflict and theme throughout the novel) to a man out of wedlock. ‘Returned’ suggests that she is flawed hence cannot be married to a macho man or accepted by society. The word ‘beautiful’ reflects society’s shallowness while judging women. No wonder the women are commoditized into epithets such as beautiful, virgins and pure, not unlike the virgin oil, the virgin forests and the virgin wool in the Latin American society. Bayardo San Roman, â€Å"the man who returned his bride†, was justified in his shameful behavior toward Angela as being a man he deserves a fresh and a virgin woman. Through the text translated by Rabassa there are undercurrents of the ironical tone adopted by Marquez when he insinuates that it is quintessential duty of a woman to keep her â€Å"treasure box† intact for her husband to enjoy himself of it! It is very ironical that a woman is judged by the label she wears, and she must make sacrifice her sexuality, her desires and her right to lead her life on an equal footing with man. One of the main concerns of Marquez behind writing this historical novel in a fictionalized version is to make the reader aware of the double standards prevailing in the Columbian culture. As seen on most Latin American societies, the role of the Columbian women is centered on marriage and the ‘perfect’ bride; â€Å"the girls had been reared to get married†1. Reared links to domestication of animals, and ‘returned’ shows the categorization of women into â€Å"goods† for the convenience of the male dominated society. Matrimony has nothing to do with matchmaking of the heart but instead with ‘fortunes’, shown by Bayardo and Santiago Nasar. Angela hails from a family of â€Å"scant resources†7 whereas Bayardo â€Å"swims in gold†. Thus Angela has no choice but to marry him since status and survival in the town is more important than love as in the eyes of her mother, Purisima del Carmen â€Å"Love can be learnt.†9 The fortune and the social status of a man is what counts in this society. Under these circumstances, no doubt, Angela bears the tag â€Å"married forever†1. The word â€Å"forever † has a sense of foreboding; it gives a sense that the woman is trapped in the shackles of the society until her end. The honor code and the cult of virginity engulf the woman in such a vicious circle that even after Angela is deserted by Bayardo, she will have no suitor for her as she bears another label: deserted and forsaken. M Marquez draws the attention of the reader to the prevailing misconception in the society that the character of a woman is the true reflection of her inner self. The status of a woman is no different from â€Å"a butterfly with no will†10. The simile reflects her beauty as well as her fragility and defenselessness in society. .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 , .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .postImageUrl , .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 , .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42:hover , .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42:visited , .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42:active { border:0!important; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42:active , .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42 .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub574edfdebd8bd9caea891ae4a329b42:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leadership Dead poets society EssayMarquez gives us an insight into this evil society through his art of characterization also. Each character bears a label in the society, and no wonder the label a woman bears is a reflection of her social standing. Placida Linero, for example, has a â€Å"well earned reputation as a dream interpreter†12, a fact suggesting that she was accepted and respected in society. Marquez repeatedly calls Victoria Guzman â€Å"the cook†6, and the woman who comes to ask for milk as â€Å"the milk beggar†11. Such labeling of characters shows Marquez’s journalistic style seeping in, wherein he simply states the fact. The â⠂¬Å"milk beggar† is just any milk beggar in society and is known as nothing more. This way the reader understands the role and position of the character without having to decipher it from in between tedious descriptions. The language and diction reflects society’s view of the characters. The narrator who gleans his information through his various interviews with the townfolks labels Divina Flor as the â€Å"servant girl†. Santiago himself labeled as the â€Å"hawk† and sexual objectification of women. Against the status of her birthright, her physically appealing qualities are of greater concern to him. Maria Alejandrina Cervantes, the ‘prostitute’ is another example of a woman who gets her social standing from her sex appeal. It is ironic that despite being a prostitute in a Catholic dominant town she is more respected than any other woman ‘of class’ in society not only because her name echoes that of Mother Mary’s but also because she has an â€Å"apostolic lap.† Is she more sacred than those who follow the cult of virginity? Maybe yes! Her prerogative that she can act outside these boundaries is what makes her so special. Marquez highlights that since the men make up the society, they create the barriers and th e labels in the society, in order to satiate their vast sexual appetite and enjoy their patriarchal roles. Marquez dwells on the socio-cultural beliefs of the townfolks by elucidating the fate of the â€Å"sufferer† in the town. The people not only delight in their laxity but also in the sufferings of the victim. Whether it be Angela or Santiago, the townfolks resign them to their fates never once trying to judge their guilt or innocence. According to them a victim must suffer at the hands of the plaintiff. No one bothers to question whether Santiago was the one who took Angela’s virginity. All they know is that the woman must suffer as she rebelled against the virginity norms and the man because he violated her honor. However, Bayardo is exempted from this punishment as he is not found guilty of breaking any cult. He is neither an offender nor a violator, and no doubt the people sympathize with him. The only person who considers Santiago a victim is his best friend, the narrator. â€Å"For him, the victim’s very behavior during his last hours was overwhelming proof of his innocence†. But for others Santiago holds the label of the â€Å"perpetrator†, a notion that tarnishes his image forever. Marquez follows a laconic style wherein with the use of adjectives of age and social class along with labels he ties the image of the character altogether. Women are further categorized according to age. Elderly women have differentiated adjectives as compared to the girls in their youth. Santiago’s mother, Placida Linero is described as â€Å"solitary†2, suggesting that even though she’s married she’s alone. Purisima del Carmen, Angela’s mother is described as ‘sacrificial’8 which can be linked to being married forever. Angela on the other hand is described as â€Å"the beautiful girl†3 while Divina Flor is described to be â€Å"coming into bloom†4 and â€Å"untamed†4. It is noteworthy that Angela being of a higher socio-class than Divina is described as graceful and attractive whereas the ‘servant girl’ is depicted as a sex object. The diction associated with each label and age reflects socio- cultura l beliefs about women- younger women are coveted and sexually appealing but older and married women are portrayed as undesirable. .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 , .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .postImageUrl , .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 , .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8:hover , .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8:visited , .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8:active { border:0!important; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8:active , .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8 .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc712479a2c87d83e6700431a32c9a5a8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Adventures Of Huck Finn And Superstitions EssayMarquez through the use of labels reflects society’s prejudiced cultural beliefs about women. They are objects that must bear labels such as old or young, desirable or undesirable and pure or corrupted. A woman leads her life trapped in a vicious circle imposed on her by men, and if she dares to give a voice to her identity and sexuality, she is indubitably going to be called â€Å"damaged goods.†